Hypothyroidism patients should eat like this
Hypothyroidism Hypothyroidism, referred to as hypothyroidism.
Hypothyroidism is a systemic endocrine disease caused by a variety of causes of decreased thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion or insufficient biological effects.
According to the etiology, it can be divided into four types: primary hypothyroidism, secondary hypothyroidism, recurrent hypothyroidism, and peripheral hypothyroidism. Myxedema can be manifested in the later stages of the onset of each type.
Related nutritional factors affecting hypothyroidism:
Iodine Human iodine mainly comes from food, salt, water and air, and the daily intake is about 300~500μg. Iodine is the raw material for the synthesis of iodothyronine. Iodine deficiency may cause insufficient thyroid hormone synthesis, thereby feedback inhibition of thyroid-stimulating Hormones that make the thyroid hypertrophy and cause hypothyroidism. Iodine itself has an inherent protective effect. Iodine deficiency can directly affect brain development, and it can also lead to fetal hypothyroidism and affect brain development.
Goiter-stimulating substances Certain vegetables and pesticides have the effect of goiter-stimulating. Such as: cabbage, cabbage, rape and other foods contain goiter-stimulating substances; in addition, cassava, walnuts and other foods are also one of the factors that cause goiter in iodine-deficient areas. In patients with temporary hypothyroidism caused by the effect of goitrogens on thyroid hormone synthesis, thyroid function can recover spontaneously when the goitrogens are discontinued.
Protein deficiency Under the condition of protein malnutrition, thyroid function tends to decrease. In order to reduce the incidence of goiter, in addition to ensuring the supply of iodine in food, sufficient protein and calories should be provided to improve thyroid function.
Disorders of fat metabolism Fat is the main source of body heat and fat-soluble vitamin supply. In hypothyroidism, although the synthesis rate of plasma cholesterol is not fast, the excretion rate is slow, so hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia are prone to occur, which is more obvious in primary hypothyroidism. levels are positively correlated, so fat intake should be restricted.
The effect of thyroid hormones on hematopoietic function Insufficient thyroid hormones may affect the synthesis of erythropoietin, resulting in decreased bone marrow hematopoietic function, menorrhagia, and iron absorption disorders. In addition, it is also related to the lack of factors related to hematopoietic function, such as gastric acid intrinsic factor, vitamin B12, and folic acid.
The principles of nutritional therapy for hypothyroidism:
(1) Supplement an appropriate amount of food iodine, and avoid using goiter-stimulating substances
In China, 1g of potassium iodide is generally added to every 2~10kg of salt to prevent and treat goiter, which reduces the incidence of goiter. It is suitable for endemic goiter-endemic areas. In addition, women should pay more attention to the supplementation of iodized salt to prevent the offspring from developing cretinism due to maternal iodine deficiency.
Avoid using goiter-stimulating substances. Avoid using cabbage, rape, cabbage, cassava, walnuts, etc., to avoid goiter.
(2) Supply enough protein The daily intake of protein is not less than 60g, and the amount of high-quality protein should be at least 20g to maintain the protein balance of the human body. During hypothyroidism, the renewal rate of the small intestinal mucosa is slowed down, and the glands that secrete the digestive juice are also affected, resulting in a decrease in enzyme activity, resulting in a decrease in albumin. Amino acids are the basic components of protein. .
(3) Restricting fat and cholesterol-rich diet Hypothyroidism patients are often accompanied by hyperlipidemia, so fat intake should be limited, and the daily energy supply from fat should be about 20%, and cholesterol-rich foods should be restricted.
(4) Correct anemia and supply rich vitamins. Those with anemia should supplement iron-rich diet, vitamin B12, and folic acid-rich food or medicine if necessary.
(5) Food selection
Hypothyroidism caused by shortcomings requires an appropriate amount of kelp and seaweed, and iodized salt, iodized soy sauce, and iodized eggs can be used. When cooking, it should be noted that iodized salt should not be directly put into boiling oil, so as to avoid iodine volatilization and reduce iodine concentration. Protein supplements include eggs, dairy, all kinds of meat, and fish; vegetable proteins can be complementary, such as various soy products. Supply of animal liver can correct anemia, but also to ensure the supply of various vegetables and fresh fruits.
Be careful to eat various goiter-stimulating foods, such as various cabbage, cabbage, rape, cassava, walnuts, etc.; be careful to eat foods rich in cholesterol, such as egg yolks, butter, animal brains and internal organs, etc.; limit high-fat foods, such as Edible oil, nuts, tahini, ham, etc.
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