What should I do if my child has diarrhea? Pay special attention to these 2 points
At the turn of spring and summer, the temperature rises rapidly
All kinds of bacteria and viruses also began to grow explosively
This is easy to cause diarrhea in babies with incomplete gastrointestinal function
Children vomit and have diarrhea, the hospital is overcrowded
Parents are inevitably overwhelmed, how to deal with it properly?
Next, An An briefly introduces the common knowledge of children's diarrhea~
- Why do I have diarrhea?
Infant diarrhea, also known as infant dyspepsia, is an acute gastrointestinal dysfunction in infants and young children, with diarrhea and vomiting as the main syndrome, caused by a variety of etiologies. Infants and young children frequently, especially acute diarrhea, is a common disease in children under the age of five. Because the immune function of children has not yet fully developed, the gastrointestinal immunity is low, and the gastrointestinal regulation ability is poor, and diarrhea is particularly prone to occur. Diarrhea in children can be divided into non-infectious and infectious. Infectious diarrhea includes viral infection, (bacterial) toxin infection, etc. in addition to bacterial infection. To identify whether it is a bacterial infection, it mainly depends on whether there is pus or blood in the stool. Noninfectious diarrhea is a "self-limiting" disease that resolves on its own within 3-5 days.
The causes of diarrhea in infants and young children can be divided into the following three points:
①Irritating stimuli, such as cold, acclimatization, greasy food irritation, etc.;
② pathogenic microorganism infections, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, chlamydia, parasites, etc., of which the former two are the majority.
③ Intestinal digestive disorders may be due to improper diet.
- How to deal with diarrhea and precautions?
Once diarrhea is confirmed, parents and friends should not be in a hurry. They can take care of the baby with the following methods under the guidance of the doctor:
①Dietary therapy: For those with mild symptoms, the amount of milk can be reduced, and rice soup, sugar and saline solution can be used instead. Those with severe symptoms should fast for 8-24 hours and receive intravenous fluids;
②Liquid therapy: Children with imperfect body development and poor balance are particularly prone to dehydration due to frequent diarrhea. Oral rehydration salts can be used for infants with mild dehydration and mild vomiting, while children with moderate to severe dehydration should go to the hospital for intravenous infusion of glucose injection or glucose and sodium chloride solution;
③ Symptomatic treatment: According to the cause, follow the doctor's advice, and timely use antidiarrheal and painkillers, antibacterial drugs or antiviral drugs to treat diarrhea.
At the same time, in the process of treating diarrhea, you need to pay attention to the following points:
① Do not blindly stop diarrhea. From the perspective of human defense against germs, diarrhea itself is beneficial to remove irritating substances or toxic substances from the intestines, so it is not advisable to blindly stop diarrhea in the early stage of the disease, otherwise it is equivalent to keeping germs or toxins in the body for a longer time. Parents should not use antibiotics casually on children. If it is a viral infection, antibiotics will not be effective. They can only be used when the bacterial infection is relatively clear. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics can easily lead to intestinal flora imbalance in children, which makes diarrhea more difficult to improve.
②During diarrhea, fasting is not required. When the baby has diarrhea, whether to eat or not to eat is a big problem for parents. In the past, there was a belief that fasting should be avoided when diarrhea occurs, so that the diarrhea will be relieved. Because the more you eat and the more you drink, the more frequent the diarrhea. Current opinion advocates that babies should continue their original diet during diarrhea, but do not eat new or raw foods, and do not force food. However, in the acute watery diarrhea stage, those with frequent defecation and severe vomiting will experience severe intestinal edema, vigorous peristalsis, and heavy "load" of the intestinal tract, so they must fast for several hours.
- Several commonly used medicines for diarrhea in children
①Rehydration salts: The most worrying thing about diarrhea is dehydration, and oral rehydration salts contain the main components such as glucose, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, etc. When taken with water at an appropriate concentration, it can help the body replenish lost water and electrolytes and correct dehydration. Currently, the World Health Organization clearly recommends oral rehydration salts as the first choice for the treatment of diarrhea. In addition, some parents think of using sports drinks instead of oral rehydration salts, but this is absolutely impossible. Sports drinks are often high in sugar and low in sodium, which not only cannot help rehydration, but aggravates the condition.
②Montmorillonite: Montmorillonite is a physical antidiarrheal drug, which can not only adsorb and inhibit bacteria, viruses, and toxins and gases in the gastrointestinal tract, but also protect the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract, especially for acute watery diarrhea. Since montmorillonite can cover the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, it will affect the absorption of other drugs. It is advisable to take it with other drugs at an interval of 1-2 hours.
③ Zinc preparations: In everyone's impression, zinc supplementation often improves the baby's anorexia, but little is known about the therapeutic effect of diarrhea. However, zinc preparations can indeed shorten the course of diarrhea, alleviate the disease, and prevent diarrhea in the next 2-3 months. Both the World Health Organization and the Chinese guidelines recommend appropriate zinc supplementation for infants with diarrhea after eating, infants <6 months: 10 mg of zinc per day, and babies over 6 months: 20 mg of zinc per day for a total of 10-14 days.
④Probiotics: Probiotics belong to microecological therapy. In addition to helping babies with diarrhea to correct dysbacteriosis, probiotics can effectively reduce the duration of diarrhea, reduce flatulence, and improve intestinal immunity. Oral use of probiotics such as Bifidobacterium viable bacteria preparations, bifidobacteria triple viable bacteria capsules or lactobacillus can allow "probiotics" such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium to colonize and multiply in the intestinal tract, which is conducive to restoring normal gastrointestinal The "micro-ecological environment" helps the recovery of abdominal distention and diarrhea. Severe bacterial diarrhea, after a few days of antibiotic treatment, use probiotics to consolidate the curative effect. Remember not to take it with hot water or take it with antibiotics.
References:
"Worrying! What to do if the baby has diarrhea
China Pediatric Frontier Forum "Pediatricians Say - Precautions for Baby Diarrhea! 》