Why do you get high blood pressure? How to prevent high blood pressure? This article makes it clear for you at one time
China is a hypertensive country. According to incomplete statistics, there are about 270 million hypertensive patients in China. This number is indeed astounding. Except for secondary hypertension caused by related diseases, most hypertensive patients (about 95%) It's all about primary hypertension. For patients with primary hypertension, many friends don't understand, how can they have high blood pressure when they are in good health?
Although the fundamental mechanism of essential hypertension has not yet been clarified, the current research on the physiological mechanism leading to increased blood pressure is relatively sufficient. aspect--
Influenced by genetic factors, many high blood pressures have the characteristics of familial aggregation. Scientific research has found that genetic factors affect the variability of blood pressure by about 30-50%, but also, high blood pressure is a chronic disease. The occurrence must not be attributed to genetic factors alone, environmental influences and genetic gene expression are all important reasons for the occurrence of hypertension.
Changes in cardiac output, blood pressure refers to the pressure on arterial blood vessels, the reason for the increase in blood pressure is closely related to the increase in cardiac output. Patients with new-onset hypertension are often accompanied by an increase in heart rate. An increase in heart rate is a manifestation of hyperdynamic circulation of the blood. An increase in heart rate is accompanied by an increase in cardiac output. The increase in cardiac output leads to an increase in the amount of blood circulating in the blood vessels, which leads to blood pressure. The increase of vascular resistance usually occurs in the early stage of hypertension. After the formation of hypertension, the increase of peripheral resistance of blood vessels becomes the main factor for the persistence of hypertension.
The effect of excessive sodium intake. We often say that a high-salt diet will lead to increased blood pressure, and the “Na” element in salt plays a role in boosting blood pressure. High sodium intake can activate the pressurizing mechanism, including Increased intracellular calcium, insulin resistance, paradoxical elevation of atrial natriuretic peptide, and upregulation of angiotensin type I receptors. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in the population with increased sodium sensitivity.
Excessive activation of the renin-angiotensin system, in which angiotensinogen is decomposed and converted into angiotensin under the action of renin and angiotensin-converting enzyme, and by acting on angiotensin receptors. It produces the effect of promoting arterial vasoconstriction, promoting myocardial contraction, and increasing cardiac output, which will lead to further increase in blood pressure.
The remodeling of arterial vessels, the weakening of arterial elasticity, and the increase in degree of sclerosis are important reasons for the increase in systolic blood pressure and the increase in pulse pressure difference. Many elderly hypertensive patients have the problem of simply increased systolic blood pressure. The main reason is that Hypertension, regardless of the cause, is maintained for a long time due to increased peripheral resistance due to increased peripheral resistance due to arterial remodeling and wall thickening.
- Enhanced sympathetic nerve excitability and sympathetic nerve excitability will play an important role in the early formation of hypertension, and will also interact with the renin-angiotensin system, resulting in a further increase in blood pressure.
The above aspects are all the physiological mechanisms and principles of the formation of high blood pressure. In this way, some friends may still feel that they have not understood how high blood pressure occurs. In fact, in addition to genetic factors, other aspects lead to high blood pressure Physiological mechanisms are closely related to our living habits, psychological factors, and the external environment. By analyzing the above physiological mechanisms, we can understand the external factors that lead to hypertension.
For example, some friends have a heavy taste in food, like to eat a little salty, high-salt diet, a large amount of snack intake, and a large intake of sodium-containing beverages, which will lead to excessive Na intake in the body, and excessive Na intake Too much will cause water and sodium retention, affect the blood pressure regulation mechanism, and lead to an increase in blood pressure.
For example, some friends have obesity problems and do not control it, and they often sit for a long time without exercising. Over time, in order to ensure the blood supply of the body, the heart rate of the heart will gradually increase. Under such circumstances, the increase in cardiac output is inevitable. , and blood pressure will further increase with the increase of heart rate and the increase of peripheral blood volume.
For example, some friends have a lot of pressure in their lives, and they cannot relax emotionally for a long time. Tension and anxiety will affect our sympathetic nerves, and the sympathetic nerve activity will increase, which will further lead to faster heartbeat and contraction of blood vessels. These factors also lead to blood pressure. important reason for the increase.
For example, some friends have problems such as diabetes, high blood lipids, high uric acid, etc., because they have no feeling and do not actively control these chronic metabolic diseases. Under the influence of these chronic diseases, the renin-angiotensin system of the kidneys is affected. The hardening and stenosis of arterial blood vessels will also lead to a further increase in blood pressure. The hypertension problem indirectly caused by this metabolic chronic disease is also worthy of our attention.
For example, some friends like to smoke and often drink a lot of alcohol. The toxic substances in tobacco enter the blood vessels, damage the health of the blood vessel walls, accelerate the sclerosis of the arteries, and at the same time affect the nerve excitability, resulting in increased heart rate and other problems, which also lead to increased blood pressure. High blood pressure is an important factor, and similarly, long-term heavy drinking is also an important factor leading to further increases in blood pressure.
These aspects mentioned above are some of the adverse life factors in our daily life that easily lead to elevated blood pressure. Whether it is eating habits, exercise habits, smoking and drinking habits, or inadequate emotional conditioning, it is possible It will affect our blood pressure health. Therefore, whether it is to prevent the occurrence of high blood pressure or friends with existing high blood pressure problems, adjust and control the high blood pressure problem, and further adjust and intervene according to the factors that may lead to the increase of blood pressure. They are all very important and worthy of our perseverance.